{
 "version": "2026-10-20",
 "license": "Dimension sheets are written by Xem Studio from the cited sources and are free to use (CC BY 4.0, attribute 'Xem Studio'). Linked files belong to their publishers under the license shown; Xem Studio does not host them. 'license_verified: false' means the license shown is from memory or the publisher's page as last read and should be confirmed at the link before commercial use.",
 "slug": "metric-shafts",
 "name": "Metric shafts Ø3 to Ø10 with D-flats and clip grooves",
 "kind": "hardware",
 "category": "Hardware",
 "group": "Motion",
 "year": null,
 "question": "What does a 5 mm or 8 mm shaft with a D-flat and clip grooves look like dimensionally?",
 "tags": [
  "shaft",
  "d-shaft",
  "d-flat",
  "axle",
  "circlip groove",
  "stirling",
  "long earth society"
 ],
 "aliases": [
  "d shaft 5mm",
  "8mm shaft with circlip grooves",
  "precision shaft 8mm",
  "d flat dimensions",
  "shaft step file"
 ],
 "overall_mm": {
  "length": null,
  "width": null,
  "height": null
 },
 "official_cad": false,
 "xem_status": "free-files",
 "les": true,
 "free_files": 10,
 "url": "https://xemstudio.com/objects/metric-shafts/",
 "sheet_txt": "https://xemstudio.com/objects/metric-shafts/sheet.txt",
 "sheet": {
  "basis": "Round shafts at nominal Ø; D-flat 0.1 × d deep over 20 mm at one end; DIN 6799 and DIN 471 groove sizes",
  "overall_mm": {
   "length": null,
   "width": null,
   "height": null
  },
  "notes": [
   "Round shafts at nominal Ø with 0.5 × 45° chamfers on both ends: Ø3 × 100, Ø4 × 100, Ø5 × 100 and × 200, Ø6 × 150, Ø8 × 200 and × 300, Ø10 × 200.",
   "The Ø5, Ø6 and Ø8 shafts carry a D-flat 0.1 × d deep and 20 mm long at one end: 4.5, 5.4 and 7.2 across the flat. A set screw seats on it.",
   "shaft-8x100-grooved: Ø8 × 100 with DIN 471 circlip grooves Ø7.6 × 0.9 starting 10 and 88 mm from the end, and the 20 mm D-flat. shaft-5x80-grooved: Ø5 × 80 with DIN 6799 E-clip grooves Ø4.0 × 0.7 at 8 and 70 mm, and the D-flat.",
   "For the full-length D-flat crankshafts, see the Stirling crankshafts page; these shafts have the short motor-style flat."
  ],
  "table": {
   "columns": [
    "file",
    "Ø",
    "length",
    "D-flat",
    "grooves"
   ],
   "rows": [
    [
     "shaft-3x100",
     3,
     100,
     "—",
     "—"
    ],
    [
     "shaft-4x100",
     4,
     100,
     "—",
     "—"
    ],
    [
     "shaft-5x100",
     5,
     100,
     "0.5 × 20 (4.5 across)",
     "—"
    ],
    [
     "shaft-5x200",
     5,
     200,
     "0.5 × 20 (4.5 across)",
     "—"
    ],
    [
     "shaft-6x150",
     6,
     150,
     "0.6 × 20 (5.4 across)",
     "—"
    ],
    [
     "shaft-8x200",
     8,
     200,
     "0.8 × 20 (7.2 across)",
     "—"
    ],
    [
     "shaft-8x300",
     8,
     300,
     "0.8 × 20 (7.2 across)",
     "—"
    ],
    [
     "shaft-10x200",
     10,
     200,
     "—",
     "—"
    ],
    [
     "shaft-8x100-grooved",
     8,
     100,
     "0.8 × 20",
     "DIN 471 Ø7.6 × 0.9 at 10, 88"
    ],
    [
     "shaft-5x80-grooved",
     5,
     80,
     "0.5 × 20",
     "DIN 6799 Ø4.0 × 0.7 at 8, 70"
    ]
   ]
  }
 },
 "sheet_text": "Metric shafts Ø3 to Ø10 with D-flats and clip grooves — dimension sheet\nSource: Xem Studio, https://xemstudio.com/objects/metric-shafts/  (CC BY 4.0)\nBasis: Round shafts at nominal Ø; D-flat 0.1 × d deep over 20 mm at one end; DIN 6799 and DIN 471 groove sizes\nCatalog version: 2026-10-20\n\nSizes: see table below\n- Round shafts at nominal Ø with 0.5 × 45° chamfers on both ends: Ø3 × 100, Ø4 × 100, Ø5 × 100 and × 200, Ø6 × 150, Ø8 × 200 and × 300, Ø10 × 200.\n- The Ø5, Ø6 and Ø8 shafts carry a D-flat 0.1 × d deep and 20 mm long at one end: 4.5, 5.4 and 7.2 across the flat. A set screw seats on it.\n- shaft-8x100-grooved: Ø8 × 100 with DIN 471 circlip grooves Ø7.6 × 0.9 starting 10 and 88 mm from the end, and the 20 mm D-flat. shaft-5x80-grooved: Ø5 × 80 with DIN 6799 E-clip grooves Ø4.0 × 0.7 at 8 and 70 mm, and the D-flat.\n- For the full-length D-flat crankshafts, see the Stirling crankshafts page; these shafts have the short motor-style flat.\n\nfile  Ø  length  D-flat  grooves\nshaft-3x100  3  100  —  —\nshaft-4x100  4  100  —  —\nshaft-5x100  5  100  0.5 × 20 (4.5 across)  —\nshaft-5x200  5  200  0.5 × 20 (4.5 across)  —\nshaft-6x150  6  150  0.6 × 20 (5.4 across)  —\nshaft-8x200  8  200  0.8 × 20 (7.2 across)  —\nshaft-8x300  8  300  0.8 × 20 (7.2 across)  —\nshaft-10x200  10  200  —  —\nshaft-8x100-grooved  8  100  0.8 × 20  DIN 471 Ø7.6 × 0.9 at 10, 88\nshaft-5x80-grooved  5  80  0.5 × 20  DIN 6799 Ø4.0 × 0.7 at 8, 70\n\nFiles elsewhere (not hosted by Xem Studio; license as stated by the publisher):\n- Wikipedia: Circlip — web — CC BY-SA 4.0 (text) — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circlip\n- Wikipedia: Retaining ring — web — CC BY-SA 4.0 (text) — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retaining_ring\n- McMaster-Carr: Shaft collars (free STEP per part, for your own design use; no redistribution) — STEP, PDF — McMaster-Carr site terms [verify license at link] — https://www.mcmaster.com/products/shaft-collars/\n- McMaster-Carr: Retaining rings (free STEP per part, for your own design use; no redistribution) — STEP, PDF — McMaster-Carr site terms [verify license at link] — https://www.mcmaster.com/products/retaining-rings/\n- Long Earth Society: Engine and rig builds — web, video — LES site — https://longearthsociety.com/engineering/\n\nFree files (CC BY 4.0, Xem Studio; STEP + STL, 10 parts): https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/metric-shafts/index.json\nAPI: https://xemstudio.com/api/geometry?object=metric-shafts\n",
 "sources": [
  {
   "publisher": "Wikipedia",
   "title": "Circlip",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circlip",
   "formats": [
    "web"
   ],
   "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0 (text)",
   "license_verified": true,
   "hosted": false
  },
  {
   "publisher": "Wikipedia",
   "title": "Retaining ring",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retaining_ring",
   "formats": [
    "web"
   ],
   "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0 (text)",
   "license_verified": true,
   "hosted": false
  },
  {
   "publisher": "McMaster-Carr",
   "title": "Shaft collars (free STEP per part, for your own design use; no redistribution)",
   "url": "https://www.mcmaster.com/products/shaft-collars/",
   "formats": [
    "STEP",
    "PDF"
   ],
   "license": "McMaster-Carr site terms",
   "license_verified": false,
   "hosted": false
  },
  {
   "publisher": "McMaster-Carr",
   "title": "Retaining rings (free STEP per part, for your own design use; no redistribution)",
   "url": "https://www.mcmaster.com/products/retaining-rings/",
   "formats": [
    "STEP",
    "PDF"
   ],
   "license": "McMaster-Carr site terms",
   "license_verified": false,
   "hosted": false
  },
  {
   "publisher": "Long Earth Society",
   "title": "Engine and rig builds",
   "url": "https://longearthsociety.com/engineering/",
   "formats": [
    "web",
    "video"
   ],
   "license": "LES site",
   "license_verified": true,
   "hosted": false
  }
 ],
 "xem": {
  "status": "free-files",
  "sheet_free": true,
  "mesh_price_usd": null,
  "step_price_usd": null,
  "tolerance_mm": null
 },
 "related": [
  "shaft-collars",
  "e-clips-din-6799",
  "circlips-din-471",
  "stirling-crankshafts",
  "linear-rod-8mm",
  "ball-bearings-metric"
 ],
 "fits": [
  {
   "role": "Parts that fit it",
   "items": [
    {
     "slug": "ratchet-wheels",
     "why": "Ø5 shaft in the bore"
    },
    {
     "slug": "pillow-block-kp08",
     "why": "Ø8 shaft through the 608"
    },
    {
     "slug": "flange-block-kfl08",
     "why": "Ø8 shaft through the 608"
    },
    {
     "slug": "sleeve-bushings",
     "why": "shaft of the ID turns in it"
    },
    {
     "slug": "universal-joint-5mm",
     "why": "Ø5 shaft in the yoke bore"
    },
    {
     "slug": "compression-springs",
     "why": "guide rod at the spring ID"
    },
    {
     "slug": "axial-flux-rotor",
     "why": "Ø8 / Ø5 bore on the shaft, M3 grub"
    },
    {
     "slug": "encoder-disc",
     "why": "Ø5 bore on a Ø5 shaft (slide)"
    },
    {
     "slug": "swash-plate-40mm",
     "why": "Ø5 shaft, M3 grub"
    },
    {
     "slug": "eccentric-sheaves",
     "why": "Ø5 shaft, M3 grub"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "role": "Goes in or on",
   "items": [
    {
     "slug": "ball-bearings-metric",
     "why": "623 / 625 / 608 bores of Ø3 / Ø5 / Ø8"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "role": "Connects to",
   "items": [
    {
     "slug": "circlips-din-471",
     "why": "circlip in the Ø7.6 × 0.9 groove"
    },
    {
     "slug": "e-clips-din-6799",
     "why": "E-clip in the Ø4.0 × 0.7 groove"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "role": "Alternatives",
   "items": [
    {
     "slug": "stirling-crankshafts",
     "why": "full-length D-flat shafts"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "role": "Also needed",
   "items": [
    {
     "slug": "shaft-collars",
     "why": "locates the shaft axially"
    }
   ]
  }
 ],
 "dimensions": "exact (nominal, no printing tolerance)",
 "dimension_rule": "All geometry on Xem Studio is exact (nominal, true size) with no printing tolerance. Where a part meets another part, the object lists its mating features (feature, exact size, what it mates with, fit class: press, slide, run, socket, clamp or designed). Apply your process's allowance to those features only; 'designed' gaps are part of the design and stay as drawn.",
 "mating": [
  {
   "feature": "shaft Ø",
   "exact": "Ø3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 8 / 10",
   "mates": "bores of the mating parts",
   "fit": "slide",
   "files": "shaft-"
  },
  {
   "feature": "D-flat",
   "exact": "0.1 d deep × 20 (Ø5 → 4.5 across)",
   "mates": "set screw",
   "fit": "designed",
   "files": "shaft-"
  },
  {
   "feature": "clip grooves",
   "exact": "DIN 6799 Ø4.0 × 0.7 / DIN 471 Ø7.6 × 0.9",
   "mates": "E-clip / circlip",
   "fit": "designed",
   "files": "shaft-"
  }
 ],
 "fit_classes": {
  "press": "stays put: pin, tube, bearing or magnet held by interference. Typical FDM: hole +0.0 to +0.1 mm on diameter.",
  "slide": "assembles by hand and is held by a grub, pinch or clamp: shaft in a hub, rod in a socket, spigot in a bore. Typical FDM: +0.2 mm.",
  "run": "turns or slides in use: pin in a link, rod through a guide. Typical FDM: +0.3 mm.",
  "socket": "large sliding fit: syringe barrel, sleeve, bobbin in a bore. Typical FDM: +0.3 mm.",
  "clamp": "split part that closes on the mating part with screws: make it at size.",
  "designed": "a gap that is part of the design (piston fit option, displacer gap, air gap): do not change."
 },
 "faq": [
  {
   "q": "How deep is a D-flat on a 5 mm shaft?",
   "a": "0.5 mm (4.5 across the flat), 20 mm long at one end on these files."
  },
  {
   "q": "Where are the grooves on the grooved 8 mm shaft?",
   "a": "DIN 471 circlip grooves Ø7.6 × 0.9 at 10 and 88 mm from the end of the Ø8 × 100 shaft."
  }
 ],
 "files_license": null,
 "offers": [
  {
   "file": "shaft-3x100",
   "formats": [
    "step",
    "stl"
   ],
   "price_usd": 0,
   "license": "CC BY 4.0 (Xem Studio)",
   "step": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/shaft-collars-clips-and-shafts/shaft-3x100.step",
   "stl": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/shaft-collars-clips-and-shafts/shaft-3x100.stl",
   "note": "precision shaft Ø3 × 100"
  },
  {
   "file": "shaft-4x100",
   "formats": [
    "step",
    "stl"
   ],
   "price_usd": 0,
   "license": "CC BY 4.0 (Xem Studio)",
   "step": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/shaft-collars-clips-and-shafts/shaft-4x100.step",
   "stl": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/shaft-collars-clips-and-shafts/shaft-4x100.stl",
   "note": "precision shaft Ø4 × 100"
  },
  {
   "file": "shaft-5x100",
   "formats": [
    "step",
    "stl"
   ],
   "price_usd": 0,
   "license": "CC BY 4.0 (Xem Studio)",
   "step": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/shaft-collars-clips-and-shafts/shaft-5x100.step",
   "stl": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/shaft-collars-clips-and-shafts/shaft-5x100.stl",
   "note": "precision shaft Ø5 × 100 with a 20 mm D-flat, 0.5 deep (4.5 across the flat)"
  },
  {
   "file": "shaft-5x200",
   "formats": [
    "step",
    "stl"
   ],
   "price_usd": 0,
   "license": "CC BY 4.0 (Xem Studio)",
   "step": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/shaft-collars-clips-and-shafts/shaft-5x200.step",
   "stl": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/shaft-collars-clips-and-shafts/shaft-5x200.stl",
   "note": "precision shaft Ø5 × 200 with a 20 mm D-flat, 0.5 deep (4.5 across the flat)"
  },
  {
   "file": "shaft-6x150",
   "formats": [
    "step",
    "stl"
   ],
   "price_usd": 0,
   "license": "CC BY 4.0 (Xem Studio)",
   "step": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/shaft-collars-clips-and-shafts/shaft-6x150.step",
   "stl": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/shaft-collars-clips-and-shafts/shaft-6x150.stl",
   "note": "precision shaft Ø6 × 150 with a 20 mm D-flat, 0.6 deep (5.4 across the flat)"
  },
  {
   "file": "shaft-8x200",
   "formats": [
    "step",
    "stl"
   ],
   "price_usd": 0,
   "license": "CC BY 4.0 (Xem Studio)",
   "step": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/shaft-collars-clips-and-shafts/shaft-8x200.step",
   "stl": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/shaft-collars-clips-and-shafts/shaft-8x200.stl",
   "note": "precision shaft Ø8 × 200 with a 20 mm D-flat, 0.8 deep (7.2 across the flat)"
  },
  {
   "file": "shaft-8x300",
   "formats": [
    "step",
    "stl"
   ],
   "price_usd": 0,
   "license": "CC BY 4.0 (Xem Studio)",
   "step": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/shaft-collars-clips-and-shafts/shaft-8x300.step",
   "stl": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/shaft-collars-clips-and-shafts/shaft-8x300.stl",
   "note": "precision shaft Ø8 × 300 with a 20 mm D-flat, 0.8 deep (7.2 across the flat)"
  },
  {
   "file": "shaft-10x200",
   "formats": [
    "step",
    "stl"
   ],
   "price_usd": 0,
   "license": "CC BY 4.0 (Xem Studio)",
   "step": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/shaft-collars-clips-and-shafts/shaft-10x200.step",
   "stl": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/shaft-collars-clips-and-shafts/shaft-10x200.stl",
   "note": "precision shaft Ø10 × 200"
  },
  {
   "file": "shaft-8x100-grooved",
   "formats": [
    "step",
    "stl"
   ],
   "price_usd": 0,
   "license": "CC BY 4.0 (Xem Studio)",
   "step": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/shaft-collars-clips-and-shafts/shaft-8x100-grooved.step",
   "stl": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/shaft-collars-clips-and-shafts/shaft-8x100-grooved.stl",
   "note": "Ø8 × 100 with DIN 471 circlip grooves (Ø7.6 × 0.9) at 10 and 88 mm and a 20 mm D-flat, 0.8 deep"
  },
  {
   "file": "shaft-5x80-grooved",
   "formats": [
    "step",
    "stl"
   ],
   "price_usd": 0,
   "license": "CC BY 4.0 (Xem Studio)",
   "step": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/shaft-collars-clips-and-shafts/shaft-5x80-grooved.step",
   "stl": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/shaft-collars-clips-and-shafts/shaft-5x80-grooved.stl",
   "note": "Ø5 × 80 with DIN 6799 E-clip grooves (Ø4.0 × 0.7) at 8 and 70 mm and a 20 mm D-flat, 0.5 deep"
  }
 ],
 "markdown": "https://xemstudio.com/objects/metric-shafts/index.md"
}