{ "version": "2026-10-20", "license": "Dimension sheets: CC BY 4.0. Standard and published-size files: CC BY 4.0. Xem Studio's own designs (files_license = Xem Studio Design License): free to use and sell things from, not to redistribute as files — https://xemstudio.com/license/. Other publishers' files: their own license, linked beside them.", "slug": "naca-6412-airfoil", "name": "NACA 6412 airfoil", "kind": "standard", "category": "Airfoils", "group": "NACA 4-digit", "year": null, "question": "What is the exact shape of the NACA 6412 airfoil, and what do the digits mean?", "tags": [ "airfoil", "naca", "wing section", "rc plane", "aerodynamics", "cambered airfoil" ], "aliases": [ "NACA 6412", "NACA 6412 airfoil", "NACA 6412 coordinates", "NACA 6412 dat", "NACA 6412 profile", "NACA 6412 DXF", "NACA 6412 STEP", "NACA 6412 STL", "perfil NACA 6412", "Profil NACA 6412", "naca6412", "NACA 6412 wing section", "high camber airfoil", "slow flyer airfoil", "cambered airfoil 6%" ], "overall_mm": { "length": 100, "width": 20, "height": 11.97 }, "official_cad": false, "xem_status": "free-files", "les": false, "free_files": 1, "url": "https://xemstudio.com/objects/naca-6412-airfoil/", "sheet_txt": "https://xemstudio.com/objects/naca-6412-airfoil/sheet.txt", "sheet": { "basis": "Computed from the NACA equations (Report 460 / Report 610, restated in NASA TM-4741)", "overall_mm": { "length": 100, "width": 20, "height": 11.97 }, "notes": [ "NACA 6412 is a 4-digit section with 6% camber at 40% chord and 12% thickness (designation per NASA TM-4741), the most cambered of the common 4-digit 12% family.", "Following the 2412 -> 4412 trend in NACA data (zero-lift angle -2 -> -4 deg), more camber gives more lift at a given angle and more nose-down moment (Virginia Tech Appendix A).", "NACA 4-digit sections have good stall behaviour, small centre-of-pressure movement and low roughness sensitivity, but a low CLmax, relatively high drag and high pitching moment (Aerospaceweb summary).", "NACA 6412: 6 % camber at 40 % chord, 12 % thick.", "NACA 4-digit: first digit = maximum camber in % of chord, second = its position in tenths of chord, last two = maximum thickness in % of chord (NACA Report 460).", "Ordinates are in % of chord from the leading edge, computed from the published equations with the closed-trailing-edge thickness coefficient (−0.1036, as in NASA TM-4741). The original reports use an open trailing edge (−0.1015); the difference is under 0.03 % of chord near the trailing edge.", "The file is a 100 mm chord section, 20 mm deep: scale it uniformly to your chord, or import the STEP and sweep or loft it into a wing. Thickness scales with chord; the shape is the same at any size.", "Max camber / position / thickness: 6% at 40% chord / 12% (NASA TM-4741)", "Camber trend (2412 -> 4412): zero-lift angle -2 -> -4 deg (Virginia Tech Appendix A)", "4-digit code: 1st digit max camber %c; 2nd digit camber position in tenths c; last two thickness %c (NASA TM-4741; Aerospaceweb)", "Thickness equation (t/c = 0.20 basis): y/c = 0.2969 sqrt(x) - 0.1260 x - 0.3516 x^2 + 0.2843 x^3 - 0.1015 x^4, scaled by (t/c)/0.20 (NASA TM-4741)" ], "table": { "columns": [ "x (% chord)", "upper x", "upper y", "lower x", "lower y" ], "rows": [ [ "0", "0.000", "0.000", "0.000", "0.000" ], [ "1.25", "0.721", "2.188", "1.779", "-1.450" ], [ "2.5", "1.792", "3.244", "3.208", "-1.790" ], [ "5", "4.097", "4.844", "5.903", "-2.032" ], [ "7.5", "6.505", "6.119", "8.495", "-2.041" ], [ "10", "8.972", "7.194", "11.028", "-1.944" ], [ "15", "14.015", "8.910", "15.985", "-1.597" ], [ "20", "19.149", "10.174", "20.851", "-1.174" ], [ "25", "24.336", "11.060", "25.664", "-0.747" ], [ "30", "29.551", "11.609", "30.449", "-0.359" ], [ "40", "40.000", "11.800", "40.000", "0.200" ], [ "50", "50.176", "11.117", "49.824", "0.550" ], [ "60", "60.302", "9.870", "59.698", "0.796" ], [ "70", "70.362", "8.116", "69.638", "0.884" ], [ "80", "80.340", "5.882", "79.660", "0.784" ], [ "90", "90.224", "3.180", "89.776", "0.487" ], [ "95", "95.127", "1.651", "94.873", "0.266" ], [ "100", "100.000", "-0.000", "100.000", "0.000" ] ] } }, "sheet_text": "NACA 6412 airfoil — dimension sheet\nSource: Xem Studio, https://xemstudio.com/objects/naca-6412-airfoil/ (sheet CC BY 4.0; files Xem Studio Design License, https://xemstudio.com/license/)\nBasis: Computed from the NACA equations (Report 460 / Report 610, restated in NASA TM-4741)\nCatalog version: 2026-10-20\n\nOverall (mm): length 100.0, width 20.0, height 11.97\n- NACA 6412 is a 4-digit section with 6% camber at 40% chord and 12% thickness (designation per NASA TM-4741), the most cambered of the common 4-digit 12% family.\n- Following the 2412 -> 4412 trend in NACA data (zero-lift angle -2 -> -4 deg), more camber gives more lift at a given angle and more nose-down moment (Virginia Tech Appendix A).\n- NACA 4-digit sections have good stall behaviour, small centre-of-pressure movement and low roughness sensitivity, but a low CLmax, relatively high drag and high pitching moment (Aerospaceweb summary).\n- NACA 6412: 6 % camber at 40 % chord, 12 % thick.\n- NACA 4-digit: first digit = maximum camber in % of chord, second = its position in tenths of chord, last two = maximum thickness in % of chord (NACA Report 460).\n- Ordinates are in % of chord from the leading edge, computed from the published equations with the closed-trailing-edge thickness coefficient (−0.1036, as in NASA TM-4741). The original reports use an open trailing edge (−0.1015); the difference is under 0.03 % of chord near the trailing edge.\n- The file is a 100 mm chord section, 20 mm deep: scale it uniformly to your chord, or import the STEP and sweep or loft it into a wing. Thickness scales with chord; the shape is the same at any size.\n- Max camber / position / thickness: 6% at 40% chord / 12% (NASA TM-4741)\n- Camber trend (2412 -> 4412): zero-lift angle -2 -> -4 deg (Virginia Tech Appendix A)\n- 4-digit code: 1st digit max camber %c; 2nd digit camber position in tenths c; last two thickness %c (NASA TM-4741; Aerospaceweb)\n- Thickness equation (t/c = 0.20 basis): y/c = 0.2969 sqrt(x) - 0.1260 x - 0.3516 x^2 + 0.2843 x^3 - 0.1015 x^4, scaled by (t/c)/0.20 (NASA TM-4741)\n\nx (% chord) upper x upper y lower x lower y\n0 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000\n1.25 0.721 2.188 1.779 -1.450\n2.5 1.792 3.244 3.208 -1.790\n5 4.097 4.844 5.903 -2.032\n7.5 6.505 6.119 8.495 -2.041\n10 8.972 7.194 11.028 -1.944\n15 14.015 8.910 15.985 -1.597\n20 19.149 10.174 20.851 -1.174\n25 24.336 11.060 25.664 -0.747\n30 29.551 11.609 30.449 -0.359\n40 40.000 11.800 40.000 0.200\n50 50.176 11.117 49.824 0.550\n60 60.302 9.870 59.698 0.796\n70 70.362 8.116 69.638 0.884\n80 80.340 5.882 79.660 0.784\n90 90.224 3.180 89.776 0.487\n95 95.127 1.651 94.873 0.266\n100 100.000 -0.000 100.000 0.000\n\nFiles elsewhere (not hosted by Xem Studio; license as stated by the publisher):\n- NACA (NASA Technical Reports Server): Report 460: The characteristics of 78 related airfoil sections from tests in the variable-density wind tunnel (Jacobs, Ward, Pinkerton, 1933) — web — Publisher's page; dimensions are facts — https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19930091108\n- NASA: TM-4741: Computer program to obtain ordinates for NACA airfoils (Ladson, Brooks, Hill, Sproles, 1996) — web — Publisher's page; dimensions are facts — https://www.pdas.com/refs/tm4741.pdf\n- NASA Langley (Ladson et al.), NASA TM-4741: Computer Program to Obtain Ordinates for NACA Airfoils — web — Publisher's page; dimensions are facts — https://www.pdas.com/refs/tm4741.pdf\n- Virginia Tech Pressbooks (data from Abbott & von Doenhoff, NACA): Appendix A: Airfoil Data — web — Publisher's page; dimensions are facts — https://pressbooks.lib.vt.edu/aerodynamics/?p=52\n- Aerospaceweb.org: NACA Airfoil Series — web — Publisher's page; dimensions are facts — https://aerospaceweb.org/question/airfoils/q0041.shtml\n\nFree files (Xem Studio Design License, Xem Studio; STEP + STL, 1 parts): https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/naca-6412-airfoil/index.json\nAPI: https://xemstudio.com/api/geometry?object=naca-6412-airfoil\n", "sources": [ { "publisher": "NACA (NASA Technical Reports Server)", "title": "Report 460: The characteristics of 78 related airfoil sections from tests in the variable-density wind tunnel (Jacobs, Ward, Pinkerton, 1933)", "url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19930091108", "formats": [ "web" ], "license": "Publisher's page; dimensions are facts", "license_verified": true, "hosted": false }, { "publisher": "NASA", "title": "TM-4741: Computer program to obtain ordinates for NACA airfoils (Ladson, Brooks, Hill, Sproles, 1996)", "url": "https://www.pdas.com/refs/tm4741.pdf", "formats": [ "web" ], "license": "Publisher's page; dimensions are facts", "license_verified": true, "hosted": false }, { "publisher": "NASA Langley (Ladson et al.), NASA TM-4741", "title": "Computer Program to Obtain Ordinates for NACA Airfoils", "url": "https://www.pdas.com/refs/tm4741.pdf", "formats": [ "web" ], "license": "Publisher's page; dimensions are facts", "license_verified": true, "hosted": false }, { "publisher": "Virginia Tech Pressbooks (data from Abbott & von Doenhoff, NACA)", "title": "Appendix A: Airfoil Data", "url": "https://pressbooks.lib.vt.edu/aerodynamics/?p=52", "formats": [ "web" ], "license": "Publisher's page; dimensions are facts", "license_verified": true, "hosted": false }, { "publisher": "Aerospaceweb.org", "title": "NACA Airfoil Series", "url": "https://aerospaceweb.org/question/airfoils/q0041.shtml", "formats": [ "web" ], "license": "Publisher's page; dimensions are facts", "license_verified": true, "hosted": false } ], "xem": { "status": "free-files", "sheet_free": true, "mesh_price_usd": null, "step_price_usd": null, "tolerance_mm": null }, "related": [ "naca-6409-airfoil" ], "fits": [], "dimensions": "exact (nominal, no printing tolerance)", "dimension_rule": "All geometry on Xem Studio is exact (nominal, true size) with no printing tolerance. Where a part meets another part, the object lists its mating features (feature, exact size, what it mates with, fit class: press, slide, run, socket, clamp or designed). Apply your process's allowance to those features only; 'designed' gaps are part of the design and stay as drawn.", "mating": [], "faq": [ { "q": "Why choose a 6% camber section?", "a": "More camber shifts lift up at a given angle, at the cost of more nose-down moment (Virginia Tech trend)." }, { "q": "How thick is the NACA 6412?", "a": "Maximum thickness 11.97 % of chord at 30.6 % chord: 11.97 mm on a 100 mm chord." }, { "q": "Where is the NACA 6412's camber?", "a": "Maximum camber 6.00 % of chord at 40.0 % chord." }, { "q": "How do I use it for my wing?", "a": "Scale the 100 mm section to your chord (e.g. 180 mm chord = 180 % scale), then extrude or loft between root and tip sections. For a tapered wing, scale a root and a tip copy and loft between them." } ], "files_license": { "name": "Xem Studio Design License", "holder": "Xem Studio", "url": "https://xemstudio.com/license/", "note": "Xem Studio's own design: free to use, print, modify and sell things made from it; not to be republished or redistributed as files." }, "offers": [ { "file": "naca-6412-airfoil-section-100mm-chord", "formats": [ "step", "stl" ], "price_usd": 0, "license": "Xem Studio Design License", "step": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/naca-6412-airfoil/naca-6412-airfoil-section-100mm-chord.step", "stl": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/naca-6412-airfoil/naca-6412-airfoil-section-100mm-chord.stl", "note": "NACA 6412 section, 100 mm chord × 20 mm span, closed trailing edge, 160 points from the equations (scale to your chord)" } ], "markdown": "https://xemstudio.com/objects/naca-6412-airfoil/index.md" }