{
 "version": "2026-10-20",
 "license": "Dimension sheets: CC BY 4.0. Standard and published-size files: CC BY 4.0. Xem Studio's own designs (files_license = Xem Studio Design License): free to use and sell things from, not to redistribute as files — https://xemstudio.com/license/. Other publishers' files: their own license, linked beside them.",
 "slug": "roll-centre",
 "name": "Roll centre",
 "kind": "standard",
 "category": "Car design",
 "group": "Suspension geometry",
 "year": null,
 "question": "What is the roll centre and how does it affect handling?",
 "tags": [
  "vehicle design",
  "suspension geometry",
  "rc design",
  "aerodynamics"
 ],
 "aliases": [
  "roll center",
  "roll centre",
  "roll centre height",
  "instant centre",
  "rc roll center",
  "roll axis",
  "roll moment",
  "double wishbone roll centre",
  "panhard roll centre",
  "camber link roll center"
 ],
 "overall_mm": {
  "length": null,
  "width": null,
  "height": null
 },
 "official_cad": false,
 "xem_status": "free-files",
 "les": false,
 "free_files": 1,
 "url": "https://xemstudio.com/objects/roll-centre/",
 "sheet_txt": "https://xemstudio.com/objects/roll-centre/sheet.txt",
 "sheet": {
  "basis": "Design rules and figures from the cited sources; example geometry by Xem Studio",
  "overall_mm": {
   "length": null,
   "width": null,
   "height": null
  },
  "notes": [
   "The roll centre is the point about which the body rolls on its suspension; on a double-wishbone layout it is found by extending the arms to their instant centre and drawing lines to the contact patches (Formula1-Dictionary; Suspension Secrets).",
   "Lower roll centres give more roll; as the suspension compresses the roll centre rises and the roll moment shrinks (Formula1-Dictionary). On a solid axle with a panhard bar, the roll centre is the mid-point of the bar (NC4x4).",
   "On RC cars, upper shock-tower link holes lower the roll centre and add corner-entry steering; lower holes raise it for high grip (Tekno).",
   "The file is a reference example built by Xem Studio from the numbers above (Reference 1/10 touring car: wheelbase 260 mm (AARCMCC ISTC 250-270), track 190 mm (EFRA width without body), 50 mm = EFRA rim limit.). Sizes the sources do not fix are illustrative; scale the example to your own vehicle."
  ],
  "table": {
   "columns": [
    "parameter",
    "value or range",
    "source"
   ],
   "rows": [
    [
     "Panhard axle roll centre",
     "mid-point of panhard rod",
     "NC4x4 forum"
    ],
    [
     "Roll axis nose-down",
     "tends to oversteer; nose-up tends to understeer",
     "Formula1-Dictionary"
    ],
    [
     "RC upper tower holes",
     "lower RC, more entry steering",
     "Tekno setup guide"
    ]
   ]
  }
 },
 "sheet_text": "Roll centre — dimension sheet\nSource: Xem Studio, https://xemstudio.com/objects/roll-centre/  (sheet CC BY 4.0; files Xem Studio Design License, https://xemstudio.com/license/)\nBasis: Design rules and figures from the cited sources; example geometry by Xem Studio\nCatalog version: 2026-10-20\n\nSizes: see table below\n- The roll centre is the point about which the body rolls on its suspension; on a double-wishbone layout it is found by extending the arms to their instant centre and drawing lines to the contact patches (Formula1-Dictionary; Suspension Secrets).\n- Lower roll centres give more roll; as the suspension compresses the roll centre rises and the roll moment shrinks (Formula1-Dictionary). On a solid axle with a panhard bar, the roll centre is the mid-point of the bar (NC4x4).\n- On RC cars, upper shock-tower link holes lower the roll centre and add corner-entry steering; lower holes raise it for high grip (Tekno).\n- The file is a reference example built by Xem Studio from the numbers above (Reference 1/10 touring car: wheelbase 260 mm (AARCMCC ISTC 250-270), track 190 mm (EFRA width without body), 50 mm = EFRA rim limit.). Sizes the sources do not fix are illustrative; scale the example to your own vehicle.\n\nparameter  value or range  source\nPanhard axle roll centre  mid-point of panhard rod  NC4x4 forum\nRoll axis nose-down  tends to oversteer; nose-up tends to understeer  Formula1-Dictionary\nRC upper tower holes  lower RC, more entry steering  Tekno setup guide\n\nFiles elsewhere (not hosted by Xem Studio; license as stated by the publisher):\n- Formula1-Dictionary: Roll center — web — Publisher's page; dimensions are facts — https://formula1-dictionary.net/roll_center.html\n- Suspension Secrets: Suspension geometry explained — web — Publisher's page; dimensions are facts — https://suspensionsecrets.co.uk/suspension-geometry-explained\n- NC4x4 forum: General 4 Link Suspension Design Information — web — Publisher's page; dimensions are facts — https://nc4x4.com/forum/threads/general-4-link-suspension-design-information.72892/\n- Tekno RC: Tekno RC Setup Guide — web — Publisher's page; dimensions are facts — https://teknoforums.com/misc/Tekno-RC-Setup-Guide.pdf\n- CompetitionX: RC Quick Setup Guide — web — Publisher's page; dimensions are facts — https://www.competitionx.com/?p=129\n\nFree files (Xem Studio Design License, Xem Studio; STEP + STL, 1 parts): https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/roll-centre/index.json\nAPI: https://xemstudio.com/api/geometry?object=roll-centre\n",
 "sources": [
  {
   "publisher": "Formula1-Dictionary",
   "title": "Roll center",
   "url": "https://formula1-dictionary.net/roll_center.html",
   "formats": [
    "web"
   ],
   "license": "Publisher's page; dimensions are facts",
   "license_verified": true,
   "hosted": false
  },
  {
   "publisher": "Suspension Secrets",
   "title": "Suspension geometry explained",
   "url": "https://suspensionsecrets.co.uk/suspension-geometry-explained",
   "formats": [
    "web"
   ],
   "license": "Publisher's page; dimensions are facts",
   "license_verified": true,
   "hosted": false
  },
  {
   "publisher": "NC4x4 forum",
   "title": "General 4 Link Suspension Design Information",
   "url": "https://nc4x4.com/forum/threads/general-4-link-suspension-design-information.72892/",
   "formats": [
    "web"
   ],
   "license": "Publisher's page; dimensions are facts",
   "license_verified": true,
   "hosted": false
  },
  {
   "publisher": "Tekno RC",
   "title": "Tekno RC Setup Guide",
   "url": "https://teknoforums.com/misc/Tekno-RC-Setup-Guide.pdf",
   "formats": [
    "web"
   ],
   "license": "Publisher's page; dimensions are facts",
   "license_verified": true,
   "hosted": false
  },
  {
   "publisher": "CompetitionX",
   "title": "RC Quick Setup Guide",
   "url": "https://www.competitionx.com/?p=129",
   "formats": [
    "web"
   ],
   "license": "Publisher's page; dimensions are facts",
   "license_verified": true,
   "hosted": false
  }
 ],
 "xem": {
  "status": "free-files",
  "sheet_free": true,
  "mesh_price_usd": null,
  "step_price_usd": null,
  "tolerance_mm": null
 },
 "related": [
  "camber",
  "caster",
  "kick-up",
  "toe-front",
  "toe-rear",
  "ackermann"
 ],
 "fits": [],
 "dimensions": "exact (nominal, no printing tolerance)",
 "dimension_rule": "All geometry on Xem Studio is exact (nominal, true size) with no printing tolerance. Where a part meets another part, the object lists its mating features (feature, exact size, what it mates with, fit class: press, slide, run, socket, clamp or designed). Apply your process's allowance to those features only; 'designed' gaps are part of the design and stay as drawn.",
 "mating": [],
 "faq": [
  {
   "q": "Why raise the roll centre?",
   "a": "Less roll and quicker response; Tekno uses lower tower holes (higher roll centre) on high-grip tracks."
  }
 ],
 "files_license": {
  "name": "Xem Studio Design License",
  "holder": "Xem Studio",
  "url": "https://xemstudio.com/license/",
  "note": "Xem Studio's own design: free to use, print, modify and sell things made from it; not to be republished or redistributed as files."
 },
 "offers": [
  {
   "file": "roll-centre-geometry",
   "formats": [
    "step",
    "stl"
   ],
   "price_usd": 0,
   "license": "Xem Studio Design License",
   "step": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/roll-centre/roll-centre-geometry.step",
   "stl": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/roll-centre/roll-centre-geometry.stl",
   "note": "roll centre demo: front axle, track 190 mm, Ø50 tyres, 0° (illustrative layout)"
  }
 ],
 "markdown": "https://xemstudio.com/objects/roll-centre/index.md"
}