{
 "version": "2026-10-20",
 "license": "Dimension sheets: CC BY 4.0. Standard and published-size files: CC BY 4.0. Xem Studio's own designs (files_license = Xem Studio Design License): free to use and sell things from, not to redistribute as files — https://xemstudio.com/license/. Other publishers' files: their own license, linked beside them.",
 "slug": "spur-gears-dp-20",
 "name": "Spur gears, 20 diametral pitch (DP): 12 to 60 teeth, 14.5° and 20° involute, pitch / outside / root diameter and STEP/STL",
 "kind": "hardware",
 "category": "Hardware",
 "group": "Bearings, rails & motion",
 "year": null,
 "question": "What is the pitch diameter, outside diameter and root diameter of a 20 DP spur gear, and how many teeth does it have?",
 "tags": [
  "gear",
  "spur gear",
  "20 dp",
  "20 pitch",
  "diametral pitch",
  "involute",
  "14.5 degree",
  "20 degree",
  "inch",
  "power transmission"
 ],
 "aliases": [
  "20 dp spur gear",
  "20 pitch spur gear",
  "20 diametral pitch gear dimensions",
  "20 dp gear pitch diameter",
  "20 dp 20 tooth gear",
  "20 dp gear stl",
  "20 dp gear step file",
  "diametral pitch gear calculator",
  "spur gear outside diameter formula dp",
  "14.5 degree pressure angle spur gear",
  "20 degree pressure angle spur gear",
  "pitch diameter = teeth / dp",
  "20 pitch gear whole depth",
  "inch pitch spur gear cad",
  "20p spur gear"
 ],
 "overall_mm": {
  "length": null,
  "width": null,
  "height": null
 },
 "official_cad": false,
 "xem_status": "free-files",
 "les": false,
 "free_files": 26,
 "url": "https://xemstudio.com/objects/spur-gears-dp-20/",
 "sheet_txt": "https://xemstudio.com/objects/spur-gears-dp-20/sheet.txt",
 "sheet": {
  "basis": "AGMA / ANSI diametral-pitch relations: pitch Ø = N / DP, outside Ø = (N + 2) / DP, minimum dedendum per ANSI B6.1 (20° coarse), Machinery's Handbook (14.5°) and ANSI B6.7 (20 DP and finer); true involute flanks generated point by point",
  "overall_mm": {
   "length": null,
   "width": null,
   "height": null
  },
  "notes": [
   "20 diametral pitch (DP) means 20 teeth per inch of pitch diameter: pitch diameter = N / 20 in, outside diameter = (N + 2) / 20 in, circular pitch = π / 20 = 0.1571 in (3.990 mm), addendum 1 / 20 = 0.0500 in (1.270 mm), tooth thickness on the pitch circle π / (2 × 20) = 0.0785 in. Centre distance of two gears = (N1 + N2) / (2 × 20) in = 0.635 (N1 + N2) mm. Module equivalent: 1.2700. A 20 DP gear does not mesh with a metric module gear unless the two are within rounding of each other; use the module pages for metric gears.",
   "20 DP and finer is fine-pitch (ANSI B6.7): whole depth 2.2 / P + 0.002 in and dedendum 1.2 / P + 0.002 in for both 14.5° and 20° (minimum values), so both pressure angles share one root diameter here. The table lists root and base diameters for both pressure angles so a hob or a CAD mate can be checked. 14.5° and 20° gears do not mesh: the pair must have the same DP and the same pressure angle. 14.5° is the older Brown & Sharpe / Boston Gear stock form (undercut below 32 teeth), 20° the current standard (undercut below 18 teeth).",
   "Files: 26 gears, a 14.5° and a 20° gear for each of the 13 tooth counts, as one extruded solid with a plain bore. Flanks are the true involute of the base circle, tooth thickness on the pitch circle half the circular pitch (no backlash), outside and root diameters as in the table, the root circle held at the root diameter for every tooth count (the flank is carried down to it; the real root fillet and trochoid are not modelled). Example choices (not published values): face width 3/8 in (9.52 mm), which is 8 / DP rounded to 1/16 in, and a bore of about a third of the root diameter picked from 1/16, 1/8, 3/16, 1/4, 5/16, 3/8, 1/2, 5/8, 3/4, 1 in. Hubs, keyways and set-screw holes are not drawn. Teeth below 32 (14.5°) and 18 (20°) are drawn without profile shift, so they are undercut-prone as real unshifted gears are.",
   "Stock tooth counts: the 12 to 60 range covers common stock gears (Boston Gear lists 16 DP 14.5° 14-tooth with 0.875 in pitch diameter, 1 in outside diameter, 0.5 in face, 0.375 in bore, which the formulas above reproduce; SDP/SI lists 48 DP gears from 14 to 108 teeth). Face widths and bores of stock gears vary by maker and series; those are not a standard.",
   "Left out: the 25° pressure angle, stub and profile-shifted teeth, tolerances (AGMA quality numbers), backlash allowances, helical and bevel forms, and hub dimensions. Maker CAD: SDP/SI publishes inch-pitch spur gears with per-part CAD; linked, not copied."
  ],
  "table": {
   "columns": [
    "teeth N",
    "pitch Ø = N / DP, in (mm)",
    "outside Ø = (N + 2) / DP, in (mm)",
    "root Ø 14.5°, in (mm)",
    "root Ø 20°, in (mm)",
    "base Ø 14.5°, in (mm)",
    "base Ø 20°, in (mm)",
    "example face, in",
    "example bore, in"
   ],
   "rows": [
    [
     12,
     "0.6 (15.24)",
     "0.7 (17.78)",
     "0.476 (12.09)",
     "0.476 (12.09)",
     "0.5809 (14.75)",
     "0.5638 (14.32)",
     "3/8",
     "1/8"
    ],
    [
     14,
     "0.7 (17.78)",
     "0.8 (20.32)",
     "0.576 (14.63)",
     "0.576 (14.63)",
     "0.6777 (17.21)",
     "0.6578 (16.71)",
     "3/8",
     "3/16"
    ],
    [
     16,
     "0.8 (20.32)",
     "0.9 (22.86)",
     "0.676 (17.17)",
     "0.676 (17.17)",
     "0.7745 (19.67)",
     "0.7518 (19.09)",
     "3/8",
     "3/16"
    ],
    [
     18,
     "0.9 (22.86)",
     "1 (25.40)",
     "0.776 (19.71)",
     "0.776 (19.71)",
     "0.8713 (22.13)",
     "0.8457 (21.48)",
     "3/8",
     "1/4"
    ],
    [
     20,
     "1 (25.40)",
     "1.1 (27.94)",
     "0.876 (22.25)",
     "0.876 (22.25)",
     "0.9681 (24.59)",
     "0.9397 (23.87)",
     "3/8",
     "1/4"
    ],
    [
     24,
     "1.2 (30.48)",
     "1.3 (33.02)",
     "1.076 (27.33)",
     "1.076 (27.33)",
     "1.1618 (29.51)",
     "1.1276 (28.64)",
     "3/8",
     "3/8"
    ],
    [
     28,
     "1.4 (35.56)",
     "1.5 (38.10)",
     "1.276 (32.41)",
     "1.276 (32.41)",
     "1.3554 (34.43)",
     "1.3156 (33.42)",
     "3/8",
     "3/8"
    ],
    [
     30,
     "1.5 (38.10)",
     "1.6 (40.64)",
     "1.376 (34.95)",
     "1.376 (34.95)",
     "1.4522 (36.89)",
     "1.4095 (35.80)",
     "3/8",
     "3/8"
    ],
    [
     32,
     "1.6 (40.64)",
     "1.7 (43.18)",
     "1.476 (37.49)",
     "1.476 (37.49)",
     "1.549 (39.35)",
     "1.5035 (38.19)",
     "3/8",
     "1/2"
    ],
    [
     36,
     "1.8 (45.72)",
     "1.9 (48.26)",
     "1.676 (42.57)",
     "1.676 (42.57)",
     "1.7427 (44.26)",
     "1.6914 (42.96)",
     "3/8",
     "1/2"
    ],
    [
     40,
     "2 (50.80)",
     "2.1 (53.34)",
     "1.876 (47.65)",
     "1.876 (47.65)",
     "1.9363 (49.18)",
     "1.8794 (47.74)",
     "3/8",
     "5/8"
    ],
    [
     48,
     "2.4 (60.96)",
     "2.5 (63.50)",
     "2.276 (57.81)",
     "2.276 (57.81)",
     "2.3236 (59.02)",
     "2.2553 (57.28)",
     "3/8",
     "3/4"
    ],
    [
     60,
     "3 (76.20)",
     "3.1 (78.74)",
     "2.876 (73.05)",
     "2.876 (73.05)",
     "2.9044 (73.77)",
     "2.8191 (71.60)",
     "3/8",
     "1"
    ]
   ]
  }
 },
 "sheet_text": "Spur gears, 20 diametral pitch (DP): 12 to 60 teeth, 14.5° and 20° involute, pitch / outside / root diameter and STEP/STL — dimension sheet\nSource: Xem Studio, https://xemstudio.com/objects/spur-gears-dp-20/  (sheet CC BY 4.0)\nBasis: AGMA / ANSI diametral-pitch relations: pitch Ø = N / DP, outside Ø = (N + 2) / DP, minimum dedendum per ANSI B6.1 (20° coarse), Machinery's Handbook (14.5°) and ANSI B6.7 (20 DP and finer); true involute flanks generated point by point\nCatalog version: 2026-10-20\n\nSizes: see table below\n- 20 diametral pitch (DP) means 20 teeth per inch of pitch diameter: pitch diameter = N / 20 in, outside diameter = (N + 2) / 20 in, circular pitch = π / 20 = 0.1571 in (3.990 mm), addendum 1 / 20 = 0.0500 in (1.270 mm), tooth thickness on the pitch circle π / (2 × 20) = 0.0785 in. Centre distance of two gears = (N1 + N2) / (2 × 20) in = 0.635 (N1 + N2) mm. Module equivalent: 1.2700. A 20 DP gear does not mesh with a metric module gear unless the two are within rounding of each other; use the module pages for metric gears.\n- 20 DP and finer is fine-pitch (ANSI B6.7): whole depth 2.2 / P + 0.002 in and dedendum 1.2 / P + 0.002 in for both 14.5° and 20° (minimum values), so both pressure angles share one root diameter here. The table lists root and base diameters for both pressure angles so a hob or a CAD mate can be checked. 14.5° and 20° gears do not mesh: the pair must have the same DP and the same pressure angle. 14.5° is the older Brown & Sharpe / Boston Gear stock form (undercut below 32 teeth), 20° the current standard (undercut below 18 teeth).\n- Files: 26 gears, a 14.5° and a 20° gear for each of the 13 tooth counts, as one extruded solid with a plain bore. Flanks are the true involute of the base circle, tooth thickness on the pitch circle half the circular pitch (no backlash), outside and root diameters as in the table, the root circle held at the root diameter for every tooth count (the flank is carried down to it; the real root fillet and trochoid are not modelled). Example choices (not published values): face width 3/8 in (9.52 mm), which is 8 / DP rounded to 1/16 in, and a bore of about a third of the root diameter picked from 1/16, 1/8, 3/16, 1/4, 5/16, 3/8, 1/2, 5/8, 3/4, 1 in. Hubs, keyways and set-screw holes are not drawn. Teeth below 32 (14.5°) and 18 (20°) are drawn without profile shift, so they are undercut-prone as real unshifted gears are.\n- Stock tooth counts: the 12 to 60 range covers common stock gears (Boston Gear lists 16 DP 14.5° 14-tooth with 0.875 in pitch diameter, 1 in outside diameter, 0.5 in face, 0.375 in bore, which the formulas above reproduce; SDP/SI lists 48 DP gears from 14 to 108 teeth). Face widths and bores of stock gears vary by maker and series; those are not a standard.\n- Left out: the 25° pressure angle, stub and profile-shifted teeth, tolerances (AGMA quality numbers), backlash allowances, helical and bevel forms, and hub dimensions. Maker CAD: SDP/SI publishes inch-pitch spur gears with per-part CAD; linked, not copied.\n\nteeth N  pitch Ø = N / DP, in (mm)  outside Ø = (N + 2) / DP, in (mm)  root Ø 14.5°, in (mm)  root Ø 20°, in (mm)  base Ø 14.5°, in (mm)  base Ø 20°, in (mm)  example face, in  example bore, in\n12  0.6 (15.24)  0.7 (17.78)  0.476 (12.09)  0.476 (12.09)  0.5809 (14.75)  0.5638 (14.32)  3/8  1/8\n14  0.7 (17.78)  0.8 (20.32)  0.576 (14.63)  0.576 (14.63)  0.6777 (17.21)  0.6578 (16.71)  3/8  3/16\n16  0.8 (20.32)  0.9 (22.86)  0.676 (17.17)  0.676 (17.17)  0.7745 (19.67)  0.7518 (19.09)  3/8  3/16\n18  0.9 (22.86)  1 (25.40)  0.776 (19.71)  0.776 (19.71)  0.8713 (22.13)  0.8457 (21.48)  3/8  1/4\n20  1 (25.40)  1.1 (27.94)  0.876 (22.25)  0.876 (22.25)  0.9681 (24.59)  0.9397 (23.87)  3/8  1/4\n24  1.2 (30.48)  1.3 (33.02)  1.076 (27.33)  1.076 (27.33)  1.1618 (29.51)  1.1276 (28.64)  3/8  3/8\n28  1.4 (35.56)  1.5 (38.10)  1.276 (32.41)  1.276 (32.41)  1.3554 (34.43)  1.3156 (33.42)  3/8  3/8\n30  1.5 (38.10)  1.6 (40.64)  1.376 (34.95)  1.376 (34.95)  1.4522 (36.89)  1.4095 (35.80)  3/8  3/8\n32  1.6 (40.64)  1.7 (43.18)  1.476 (37.49)  1.476 (37.49)  1.549 (39.35)  1.5035 (38.19)  3/8  1/2\n36  1.8 (45.72)  1.9 (48.26)  1.676 (42.57)  1.676 (42.57)  1.7427 (44.26)  1.6914 (42.96)  3/8  1/2\n40  2 (50.80)  2.1 (53.34)  1.876 (47.65)  1.876 (47.65)  1.9363 (49.18)  1.8794 (47.74)  3/8  5/8\n48  2.4 (60.96)  2.5 (63.50)  2.276 (57.81)  2.276 (57.81)  2.3236 (59.02)  2.2553 (57.28)  3/8  3/4\n60  3 (76.20)  3.1 (78.74)  2.876 (73.05)  2.876 (73.05)  2.9044 (73.77)  2.8191 (71.60)  3/8  1\n\nFiles elsewhere (not hosted by Xem Studio; license as stated by the publisher):\n- Martin Sprocket & Gear: G-85 spur gear data: PD = N / DP, OD = (N + 2) / DP, a = 1 / DP, ht = 2.157 / DP, t = 1.5708 / DP — web — Publisher's page; dimensions are facts — https://martinsprocket.com/docs//partinterchange/g-85.pdf\n- Engineers Edge: Gear design equations: 20 degree full-depth teeth (ANSI B6.1): PD, OD, a = 1/P, b = 1.25/P, ht = 2.25/P, centre distance — web — Publisher's page; dimensions are facts — https://engineersedge.com/gear_formula.htm\n- Machinery's Handbook, 31st ed. (online edition): Spur gearing: 14.5 degree full-depth tooth proportions (a = 1/P, b = 1.157/P, ht = 2.157/P) — web — Publisher's page; dimensions are facts — https://online.flippingbook.com/view/954046886/872\n- Machinery's Handbook, 31st ed. (online edition): Table 4: tooth proportions for fine-pitch involute spur and helical gears of 14.5, 20 and 25 degrees (ANSI B6.7): b = 1.2/P + 0.002, ht = 2.2/P + 0.002 — web — Publisher's page; dimensions are facts — https://online.flippingbook.com/view/954046886/870\n- Machinery's Handbook, 31st ed. (online edition): Spur gearing: outside and root diameter formulas, 20 degree fine-pitch full-depth teeth (20 P and finer) — web — Publisher's page; dimensions are facts — https://online.flippingbook.com/view/954046886/873\n- Applied Industrial (Boston Gear): Boston Gear 16 DP 14.5 degree 14-tooth steel spur gear: PD 0.875 in, OD 1 in, face 0.5 in, bore 0.375 in — web — Publisher's page; dimensions are facts — https://www.applied.com/c-brands/c-regal-rexnord/c-boston-gear/nb14b-3-8/16-DP-14-5-PA-14-Teeths-Steel-Spur-Gear/p/101752354\n- SDP/SI: 48 DP inch spur gears (catalogue pages list the tooth counts and bores; CAD per part on each product page) — web — Publisher's page; dimensions are facts — https://shop.sdp-si.com/s1084z-048a040.html\n- SDP/SI: Inch pitch spur gear catalogue sheet — web — Publisher's page; dimensions are facts — https://shop.sdp-si.com/media/pdf/81001085.pdf\n\nFree files (CC BY 4.0, Xem Studio; STEP + STL, 26 parts): https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/spur-gears-dp-20/index.json\nAPI: https://xemstudio.com/api/geometry?object=spur-gears-dp-20\n",
 "sources": [
  {
   "publisher": "Martin Sprocket & Gear",
   "title": "G-85 spur gear data: PD = N / DP, OD = (N + 2) / DP, a = 1 / DP, ht = 2.157 / DP, t = 1.5708 / DP",
   "url": "https://martinsprocket.com/docs//partinterchange/g-85.pdf",
   "formats": [
    "web"
   ],
   "license": "Publisher's page; dimensions are facts",
   "license_verified": true,
   "hosted": false
  },
  {
   "publisher": "Engineers Edge",
   "title": "Gear design equations: 20 degree full-depth teeth (ANSI B6.1): PD, OD, a = 1/P, b = 1.25/P, ht = 2.25/P, centre distance",
   "url": "https://engineersedge.com/gear_formula.htm",
   "formats": [
    "web"
   ],
   "license": "Publisher's page; dimensions are facts",
   "license_verified": true,
   "hosted": false
  },
  {
   "publisher": "Machinery's Handbook, 31st ed. (online edition)",
   "title": "Spur gearing: 14.5 degree full-depth tooth proportions (a = 1/P, b = 1.157/P, ht = 2.157/P)",
   "url": "https://online.flippingbook.com/view/954046886/872",
   "formats": [
    "web"
   ],
   "license": "Publisher's page; dimensions are facts",
   "license_verified": true,
   "hosted": false
  },
  {
   "publisher": "Machinery's Handbook, 31st ed. (online edition)",
   "title": "Table 4: tooth proportions for fine-pitch involute spur and helical gears of 14.5, 20 and 25 degrees (ANSI B6.7): b = 1.2/P + 0.002, ht = 2.2/P + 0.002",
   "url": "https://online.flippingbook.com/view/954046886/870",
   "formats": [
    "web"
   ],
   "license": "Publisher's page; dimensions are facts",
   "license_verified": true,
   "hosted": false
  },
  {
   "publisher": "Machinery's Handbook, 31st ed. (online edition)",
   "title": "Spur gearing: outside and root diameter formulas, 20 degree fine-pitch full-depth teeth (20 P and finer)",
   "url": "https://online.flippingbook.com/view/954046886/873",
   "formats": [
    "web"
   ],
   "license": "Publisher's page; dimensions are facts",
   "license_verified": true,
   "hosted": false
  },
  {
   "publisher": "Applied Industrial (Boston Gear)",
   "title": "Boston Gear 16 DP 14.5 degree 14-tooth steel spur gear: PD 0.875 in, OD 1 in, face 0.5 in, bore 0.375 in",
   "url": "https://www.applied.com/c-brands/c-regal-rexnord/c-boston-gear/nb14b-3-8/16-DP-14-5-PA-14-Teeths-Steel-Spur-Gear/p/101752354",
   "formats": [
    "web"
   ],
   "license": "Publisher's page; dimensions are facts",
   "license_verified": true,
   "hosted": false
  },
  {
   "publisher": "SDP/SI",
   "title": "48 DP inch spur gears (catalogue pages list the tooth counts and bores; CAD per part on each product page)",
   "url": "https://shop.sdp-si.com/s1084z-048a040.html",
   "formats": [
    "web"
   ],
   "license": "Publisher's page; dimensions are facts",
   "license_verified": true,
   "hosted": false
  },
  {
   "publisher": "SDP/SI",
   "title": "Inch pitch spur gear catalogue sheet",
   "url": "https://shop.sdp-si.com/media/pdf/81001085.pdf",
   "formats": [
    "web"
   ],
   "license": "Publisher's page; dimensions are facts",
   "license_verified": true,
   "hosted": false
  }
 ],
 "xem": {
  "status": "free-files",
  "sheet_free": true,
  "mesh_price_usd": null,
  "step_price_usd": null,
  "tolerance_mm": null
 },
 "related": [
  "spur-gears-dp-12",
  "spur-gears-dp-16",
  "spur-gears-dp-24",
  "spur-gears-module-1",
  "spur-gears-involute",
  "gear-racks-iso-53-module-1-to-3"
 ],
 "fits": [],
 "dimensions": "exact (nominal, no tolerance added)",
 "dimension_rule": "All geometry on Xem Studio is exact (nominal, true size) with no tolerance added. Where a part meets another part, the object lists its mating features (feature, exact size, what it mates with, fit class: press, slide, run, socket, clamp or designed). Apply your process's allowance to those features only; 'designed' gaps are part of the design and stay as drawn. Typical accuracy by process and ISO 286 fits: https://xemstudio.com/tolerances/",
 "mating": [
  {
   "feature": "bore",
   "exact": "plain bore, example Ø per file (1/16 to 1 in, see the table)",
   "mates": "shaft of the same Ø",
   "fit": "slide",
   "files": "gear-"
  },
  {
   "feature": "centre distance",
   "exact": "(N1 + N2) / (2 × 20) in = 0.6350 (N1 + N2) mm",
   "mates": "a second 20 DP gear of the same pressure angle (this family)",
   "fit": "designed",
   "files": "gear-"
  },
  {
   "feature": "tooth form",
   "exact": "20 DP, 14.5° or 20° (the file name carries the angle); 14.5° and 20° gears do not mesh",
   "mates": "20 DP gear of the same pressure angle",
   "fit": "designed",
   "files": "gear-"
  }
 ],
 "fit_classes": {
  "press": "stays put: pin, tube, bearing or magnet held by interference. ISO 286 equivalent: H7/p6 (locational interference) or tighter.",
  "slide": "assembles by hand and is held by a grub, pinch or clamp: shaft in a hub, rod in a socket, spigot in a bore. ISO 286 equivalent: H7/g6 or H7/h6.",
  "run": "turns or slides in use: pin in a link, rod through a guide. ISO 286 equivalent: H8/f7 (close running).",
  "socket": "large sliding fit: syringe barrel, sleeve, bobbin in a bore. ISO 286 equivalent: H9/d9 (free running) or looser.",
  "clamp": "split part that closes on the mating part with screws: make it at size.",
  "designed": "a gap that is part of the design (piston fit option, displacer gap, air gap): do not change."
 },
 "faq": [
  {
   "q": "What is the pitch diameter of a 20 DP, 20 tooth gear?",
   "a": "1.0000 in (25.400 mm); outside diameter 1.1000 in (27.940 mm)."
  },
  {
   "q": "What is the tooth depth of a 20 DP gear?",
   "a": "Whole depth 2.2 / 20 + 0.002 = 0.1120 in (minimum, ANSI B6.7 fine pitch)."
  },
  {
   "q": "What is the centre distance of two 20 DP gears, 20 and 40 teeth?",
   "a": "(20 + 40) / (2 × 20) = 1.5000 in (38.100 mm)."
  }
 ],
 "files_license": null,
 "offers": [
  {
   "file": "gear-dp20-14-5pa-12t",
   "formats": [
    "step",
    "stl"
   ],
   "price_usd": 0,
   "license": "CC BY 4.0 (Xem Studio)",
   "step": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/spur-gears-dp-20/gear-dp20-14-5pa-12t.step",
   "stl": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/spur-gears-dp-20/gear-dp20-14-5pa-12t.stl",
   "note": "20 DP spur gear, 12 teeth, 14.5° pressure angle: pitch Ø15.240 mm (0.6 in), outside Ø17.780 mm (0.7 in), root Ø12.090 mm; face 9.52 mm (3/8 in) and bore Ø3.175 mm (1/8 in) are examples, the tooth form is the standard's; true involute flanks, no hub, keyway, chamfer or root fillet"
  },
  {
   "file": "gear-dp20-20pa-12t",
   "formats": [
    "step",
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   "note": "20 DP spur gear, 28 teeth, 14.5° pressure angle: pitch Ø35.560 mm (1.4 in), outside Ø38.100 mm (1.5 in), root Ø32.410 mm; face 9.52 mm (3/8 in) and bore Ø9.525 mm (3/8 in) are examples, the tooth form is the standard's; true involute flanks, no hub, keyway, chamfer or root fillet"
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