{
 "version": "2026-10-20",
 "license": "Dimension sheets: CC BY 4.0. Standard and published-size files: CC BY 4.0. Xem Studio's own designs (files_license = Xem Studio Design License): free to use and sell things from, not to redistribute as files — https://xemstudio.com/license/. Other publishers' files: their own license, linked beside them.",
 "slug": "toe-front",
 "name": "Front toe (toe-in / toe-out)",
 "kind": "standard",
 "category": "Car design",
 "group": "Suspension geometry",
 "year": null,
 "question": "Should the front wheels be toed in or toed out?",
 "tags": [
  "vehicle design",
  "suspension geometry",
  "rc design",
  "aerodynamics"
 ],
 "aliases": [
  "toe in",
  "toe out",
  "front toe",
  "rc toe setting",
  "toe angle",
  "toe in vs toe out",
  "front toe out turn in",
  "wheel alignment toe",
  "toe degrees rc",
  "tracking alignment"
 ],
 "overall_mm": {
  "length": null,
  "width": null,
  "height": null
 },
 "official_cad": false,
 "xem_status": "free-files",
 "les": false,
 "free_files": 1,
 "url": "https://xemstudio.com/objects/toe-front/",
 "sheet_txt": "https://xemstudio.com/objects/toe-front/sheet.txt",
 "sheet": {
  "basis": "Design rules and figures from the cited sources; example geometry by Xem Studio",
  "overall_mm": {
   "length": null,
   "width": null,
   "height": null
  },
  "notes": [
   "Toe is the angle of each wheel to the car's centreline; toe-in points the front of the wheel inward (Wikipedia).",
   "Front toe-in gives straight-line stability and an easier car but slower turn-in; toe-out gives more corner-entry steering but less stability under acceleration (Tekno; Wikipedia).",
   "Extra toe-in slightly increases tyre wear because the tyres run with a small slip angle when straight (Wikipedia).",
   "The file is a reference example built by Xem Studio from the numbers above (Reference 1/10 touring car: wheelbase 260 mm (AARCMCC ISTC 250-270), track 190 mm (EFRA width without body), 50 mm = EFRA rim limit.). Sizes the sources do not fix are illustrative; scale the example to your own vehicle."
  ],
  "table": {
   "columns": [
    "parameter",
    "value or range",
    "source"
   ],
   "rows": [
    [
     "RC front toe-in",
     "0-1 deg (stability, slower turn-in)",
     "EuroRC set-up guide"
    ],
    [
     "RC front toe-out",
     "0-2 deg (quicker steering)",
     "EuroRC set-up guide"
    ],
    [
     "Straight-line setting",
     "front toe closer to 0 deg",
     "CompetitionX quick guide"
    ]
   ]
  }
 },
 "sheet_text": "Front toe (toe-in / toe-out) — dimension sheet\nSource: Xem Studio, https://xemstudio.com/objects/toe-front/  (sheet CC BY 4.0; files Xem Studio Design License, https://xemstudio.com/license/)\nBasis: Design rules and figures from the cited sources; example geometry by Xem Studio\nCatalog version: 2026-10-20\n\nSizes: see table below\n- Toe is the angle of each wheel to the car's centreline; toe-in points the front of the wheel inward (Wikipedia).\n- Front toe-in gives straight-line stability and an easier car but slower turn-in; toe-out gives more corner-entry steering but less stability under acceleration (Tekno; Wikipedia).\n- Extra toe-in slightly increases tyre wear because the tyres run with a small slip angle when straight (Wikipedia).\n- The file is a reference example built by Xem Studio from the numbers above (Reference 1/10 touring car: wheelbase 260 mm (AARCMCC ISTC 250-270), track 190 mm (EFRA width without body), 50 mm = EFRA rim limit.). Sizes the sources do not fix are illustrative; scale the example to your own vehicle.\n\nparameter  value or range  source\nRC front toe-in  0-1 deg (stability, slower turn-in)  EuroRC set-up guide\nRC front toe-out  0-2 deg (quicker steering)  EuroRC set-up guide\nStraight-line setting  front toe closer to 0 deg  CompetitionX quick guide\n\nFiles elsewhere (not hosted by Xem Studio; license as stated by the publisher):\n- Wikipedia: Toe (automotive) — web — Publisher's page; dimensions are facts — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toe_(automotive)\n- Tekno RC: Tekno RC Setup Guide — web — Publisher's page; dimensions are facts — https://teknoforums.com/misc/Tekno-RC-Setup-Guide.pdf\n- EuroRC: Short set-up guide — web — Publisher's page; dimensions are facts — https://www.eurorc.com/page/135/short-set-up-guide\n- CompetitionX: RC Quick Setup Guide — web — Publisher's page; dimensions are facts — https://www.competitionx.com/?p=129\n\nFree files (Xem Studio Design License, Xem Studio; STEP + STL, 1 parts): https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/toe-front/index.json\nAPI: https://xemstudio.com/api/geometry?object=toe-front\n",
 "sources": [
  {
   "publisher": "Wikipedia",
   "title": "Toe (automotive)",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toe_(automotive)",
   "formats": [
    "web"
   ],
   "license": "Publisher's page; dimensions are facts",
   "license_verified": true,
   "hosted": false
  },
  {
   "publisher": "Tekno RC",
   "title": "Tekno RC Setup Guide",
   "url": "https://teknoforums.com/misc/Tekno-RC-Setup-Guide.pdf",
   "formats": [
    "web"
   ],
   "license": "Publisher's page; dimensions are facts",
   "license_verified": true,
   "hosted": false
  },
  {
   "publisher": "EuroRC",
   "title": "Short set-up guide",
   "url": "https://www.eurorc.com/page/135/short-set-up-guide",
   "formats": [
    "web"
   ],
   "license": "Publisher's page; dimensions are facts",
   "license_verified": true,
   "hosted": false
  },
  {
   "publisher": "CompetitionX",
   "title": "RC Quick Setup Guide",
   "url": "https://www.competitionx.com/?p=129",
   "formats": [
    "web"
   ],
   "license": "Publisher's page; dimensions are facts",
   "license_verified": true,
   "hosted": false
  }
 ],
 "xem": {
  "status": "free-files",
  "sheet_free": true,
  "mesh_price_usd": null,
  "step_price_usd": null,
  "tolerance_mm": null
 },
 "related": [
  "camber",
  "caster",
  "kick-up",
  "toe-rear",
  "ackermann",
  "anti-ackermann"
 ],
 "fits": [],
 "dimensions": "exact (nominal, no printing tolerance)",
 "dimension_rule": "All geometry on Xem Studio is exact (nominal, true size) with no printing tolerance. Where a part meets another part, the object lists its mating features (feature, exact size, what it mates with, fit class: press, slide, run, socket, clamp or designed). Apply your process's allowance to those features only; 'designed' gaps are part of the design and stay as drawn.",
 "mating": [],
 "faq": [
  {
   "q": "Why do race cars use toe-out?",
   "a": "Zero or slight toe-out sharpens steering response (Wikipedia)."
  }
 ],
 "files_license": {
  "name": "Xem Studio Design License",
  "holder": "Xem Studio",
  "url": "https://xemstudio.com/license/",
  "note": "Xem Studio's own design: free to use, print, modify and sell things made from it; not to be republished or redistributed as files."
 },
 "offers": [
  {
   "file": "toe-front-geometry",
   "formats": [
    "step",
    "stl"
   ],
   "price_usd": 0,
   "license": "Xem Studio Design License",
   "step": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/toe-front/toe-front-geometry.step",
   "stl": "https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/toe-front/toe-front-geometry.stl",
   "note": "Toe demo: front wheels toed 1° (illustrative layout)"
  }
 ],
 "markdown": "https://xemstudio.com/objects/toe-front/index.md"
}