# SAE straight-side splines, 4, 6, 10 and 16 splines: major diameter D, spline width W and root diameter d (fit A) + example shaft STEP/STL

> What are the major diameter, spline width and root diameter of an SAE 10-spline shaft, for example a 1 in nominal size?

- Category: Hardware › Bearings, rails & motion
- Kind: Standard part
- Basis: Machinery's Handbook 31st ed. Tables 18 to 21 (SAE standard 4, 6, 10, 16 spline fittings, fit A, external member, maximum values), proportions of every row checked against its spline count; inch values with mm equivalents; shaft sections drawn from them
- Page: https://xemstudio.com/objects/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/ · JSON: https://xemstudio.com/api/geometry?object=sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16 · Plain text: https://xemstudio.com/objects/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sheet.txt
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**Exact dimensions.** Every file is drawn at true size with no tolerance added. The holes and pins that meet another part are listed below under Mating features, with the fit each joint needs; open those by your process's clearance before making the part.

## Notes

- SAE straight-side (parallel-side) splines, the 4-, 6-, 10- and 16-spline series of SAE J499 / the older SAE spline fittings: parallel-sided splines of width W on a root cylinder d inside a major cylinder D. The numbers are Machinery's Handbook Tables 18 to 21 for fit A (permanent fit), external member, maximum values (D max, W max, d max); 4 splines 3/4 to 3 in, 6 splines 3/4 to 3 in, 10 splines 3/4 to 6 in, 16 splines 2 to 6 in. Each row follows its spline count's proportions to the printed rounding (checked on every row): 4 splines W = 0.241 D and d = 0.850 D; 6 splines W = 0.250 D, d = 0.900 D; 10 splines W = 0.156 D, d = 0.910 D; 16 splines W = 0.098 D, d = 0.910 D (the handbook's Table 22 gives these as formulas; its text could not be read in full, so the ratios here are read back from the table rows).
- Fits: the standard also gives fit B (to slide, no load) and, for 6 to 16 splines, fit C (to slide under load), with smaller d and wider clearances; the extraction of those columns was ambiguous, so only fit A is tabulated. The internal member (hub) values are not tabulated either. Tolerance: shafts 3/4 to 1-3/4 in are −0.001 in and 2 to 3 in −0.002 in on the major diameter (Engineers Edge note on the SAE table); the table values here are the maxima.
- Files: 14 example shaft sections, as one extruded solid: a root cylinder of Ø d with N parallel splines of width W out to Ø D, drawn from the maximum values; length equal to the major diameter (an example, not a standard length); no chamfers or corner radii. Radii at spline corners should not exceed 0.015 in and the spline should not be more than 0.006 in per foot out of parallel with the shaft axis (Machinery's Handbook text).
- Not on this page: torque ratings (the handbook prints them: for example 10 splines, 1 in nominal, 215 in-lb at fit A), fits B and C, the internal member, 5/8 in and smaller sizes. SAE J499 is sold by SAE and is linked, not reproduced.

## Mating features (exact size; open press / slide / run / socket by your process clearance, leave designed and clamp as drawn)

| feature | exact | mates with | fit | files |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| spline shaft | D (max), W (max), d (max) as in the table, fit A | SAE straight-side hub of the same nominal size and spline count (hub values not tabulated here) | designed | sae-* |

## Sizes

| splines | nominal Ø, in | major Ø D (max), in (mm) | spline width W (max), in (mm) | root Ø d (max), in (mm) | spline depth (D − d) / 2, in (derived) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | 3/4 | 0.750 (19.05) | 0.181 (4.60) | 0.637 (16.18) | 0.0565 |
| 4 | 7/8 | 0.875 (22.22) | 0.211 (5.36) | 0.744 (18.90) | 0.0655 |
| 4 | 1 | 1.000 (25.40) | 0.241 (6.12) | 0.850 (21.59) | 0.0750 |
| 4 | 1 1/8 | 1.125 (28.57) | 0.271 (6.88) | 0.956 (24.28) | 0.0845 |
| 4 | 1 1/4 | 1.250 (31.75) | 0.301 (7.65) | 1.062 (26.97) | 0.0940 |
| 4 | 1 3/8 | 1.375 (34.92) | 0.331 (8.41) | 1.169 (29.69) | 0.1030 |
| 4 | 1 1/2 | 1.500 (38.10) | 0.361 (9.17) | 1.275 (32.38) | 0.1125 |
| 4 | 1 5/8 | 1.625 (41.27) | 0.391 (9.93) | 1.381 (35.08) | 0.1220 |
| 4 | 1 3/4 | 1.750 (44.45) | 0.422 (10.72) | 1.487 (37.77) | 0.1315 |
| 4 | 2 | 2.000 (50.80) | 0.482 (12.24) | 1.700 (43.18) | 0.1500 |
| 4 | 2 1/4 | 2.250 (57.15) | 0.542 (13.77) | 1.912 (48.56) | 0.1690 |
| 4 | 2 1/2 | 2.500 (63.50) | 0.602 (15.29) | 2.125 (53.97) | 0.1875 |
| 4 | 3 | 3.000 (76.20) | 0.723 (18.36) | 2.550 (64.77) | 0.2250 |
| 6 | 3/4 | 0.750 (19.05) | 0.188 (4.78) | 0.675 (17.14) | 0.0375 |
| 6 | 7/8 | 0.875 (22.22) | 0.219 (5.56) | 0.788 (20.02) | 0.0435 |
| 6 | 1 | 1.000 (25.40) | 0.250 (6.35) | 0.900 (22.86) | 0.0500 |
| 6 | 1 1/8 | 1.125 (28.57) | 0.281 (7.14) | 1.013 (25.73) | 0.0560 |
| 6 | 1 1/4 | 1.250 (31.75) | 0.313 (7.95) | 1.125 (28.57) | 0.0625 |
| 6 | 1 3/8 | 1.375 (34.92) | 0.344 (8.74) | 1.238 (31.45) | 0.0685 |
| 6 | 1 1/2 | 1.500 (38.10) | 0.375 (9.52) | 1.350 (34.29) | 0.0750 |
| 6 | 1 5/8 | 1.625 (41.27) | 0.406 (10.31) | 1.463 (37.16) | 0.0810 |
| 6 | 1 3/4 | 1.750 (44.45) | 0.438 (11.13) | 1.575 (40.00) | 0.0875 |
| 6 | 2 | 2.000 (50.80) | 0.500 (12.70) | 1.800 (45.72) | 0.1000 |
| 6 | 2 1/4 | 2.250 (57.15) | 0.563 (14.30) | 2.025 (51.43) | 0.1125 |
| 6 | 2 1/2 | 2.500 (63.50) | 0.625 (15.88) | 2.250 (57.15) | 0.1250 |
| 6 | 3 | 3.000 (76.20) | 0.750 (19.05) | 2.700 (68.58) | 0.1500 |
| 10 | 3/4 | 0.750 (19.05) | 0.117 (2.97) | 0.683 (17.35) | 0.0335 |
| 10 | 7/8 | 0.875 (22.22) | 0.137 (3.48) | 0.796 (20.22) | 0.0395 |
| 10 | 1 | 1.000 (25.40) | 0.156 (3.96) | 0.910 (23.11) | 0.0450 |
| 10 | 1 1/8 | 1.125 (28.57) | 0.176 (4.47) | 1.024 (26.01) | 0.0505 |
| 10 | 1 1/4 | 1.250 (31.75) | 0.195 (4.95) | 1.138 (28.91) | 0.0560 |
| 10 | 1 3/8 | 1.375 (34.92) | 0.215 (5.46) | 1.251 (31.78) | 0.0620 |
| 10 | 1 1/2 | 1.500 (38.10) | 0.234 (5.94) | 1.365 (34.67) | 0.0675 |
| 10 | 1 5/8 | 1.625 (41.27) | 0.254 (6.45) | 1.479 (37.57) | 0.0730 |
| 10 | 1 3/4 | 1.750 (44.45) | 0.273 (6.93) | 1.593 (40.46) | 0.0785 |
| 10 | 2 | 2.000 (50.80) | 0.312 (7.92) | 1.820 (46.23) | 0.0900 |
| 10 | 2 1/4 | 2.250 (57.15) | 0.351 (8.92) | 2.048 (52.02) | 0.1010 |
| 10 | 2 1/2 | 2.500 (63.50) | 0.390 (9.91) | 2.275 (57.78) | 0.1125 |
| 10 | 3 | 3.000 (76.20) | 0.468 (11.89) | 2.730 (69.34) | 0.1350 |
| 10 | 3 1/2 | 3.500 (88.90) | 0.546 (13.87) | 3.185 (80.90) | 0.1575 |
| 10 | 4 | 4.000 (101.60) | 0.624 (15.85) | 3.640 (92.46) | 0.1800 |
| 10 | 4 1/2 | 4.500 (114.30) | 0.702 (17.83) | 4.095 (104.01) | 0.2025 |
| 10 | 5 | 5.000 (127.00) | 0.780 (19.81) | 4.550 (115.57) | 0.2250 |
| 10 | 5 1/2 | 5.500 (139.70) | 0.858 (21.79) | 5.005 (127.13) | 0.2475 |
| 10 | 6 | 6.000 (152.40) | 0.936 (23.77) | 5.460 (138.68) | 0.2700 |
| 16 | 2 | 2.000 (50.80) | 0.196 (4.98) | 1.820 (46.23) | 0.0900 |
| 16 | 2 1/2 | 2.500 (63.50) | 0.245 (6.22) | 2.275 (57.78) | 0.1125 |
| 16 | 3 | 3.000 (76.20) | 0.294 (7.47) | 2.730 (69.34) | 0.1350 |
| 16 | 3 1/2 | 3.500 (88.90) | 0.343 (8.71) | 3.185 (80.90) | 0.1575 |
| 16 | 4 | 4.000 (101.60) | 0.392 (9.96) | 3.640 (92.46) | 0.1800 |
| 16 | 4 1/2 | 4.500 (114.30) | 0.441 (11.20) | 4.095 (104.01) | 0.2025 |
| 16 | 5 | 5.000 (127.00) | 0.490 (12.45) | 4.550 (115.57) | 0.2250 |
| 16 | 5 1/2 | 5.500 (139.70) | 0.539 (13.69) | 5.005 (127.13) | 0.2475 |
| 16 | 6 | 6.000 (152.40) | 0.588 (14.94) | 5.460 (138.68) | 0.2700 |

## Where the files are

- Machinery's Handbook, 31st ed. (online edition): [Tables 18 to 21: SAE standard 4, 6, 10 and 16 spline fittings (D, W, d, torque), Table 22 formulas](https://online.flippingbook.com/view/954046886/1022/) — web — Publisher's page; dimensions are facts
- Machinery's Handbook, 31st ed. (online edition): [Tables 20 and 21: SAE standard 10 and 16 spline fittings](https://online.flippingbook.com/view/954046886/1023/) — web — Publisher's page; dimensions are facts
- SAE: [SAE J499 Parallel side splines for soft broached holes in fittings (standard; sold, not reproduced)](https://saemobilus.sae.org/content/J499_201406) — standard — SAE; dimensions are facts (verify at link)

## Free STEP/STL (14 parts, CC BY 4.0, Xem Studio)

Index: https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/index.json

- sae-4-spline-shaft-3-4in: [STEP](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-4-spline-shaft-3-4in.step) · [STL](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-4-spline-shaft-3-4in.stl) — SAE 4-spline shaft section, nominal 3/4 in, fit A (permanent): major Ø19.050 mm (0.750 in), spline width W4.597 mm (0.181 in), root Ø16.180 mm (0.637 in), 4 parallel-sided splines; maximum values of the tables; the 19.0 mm length (equal to the major diameter) is an example, no chamfer, no bore
- sae-4-spline-shaft-1in: [STEP](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-4-spline-shaft-1in.step) · [STL](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-4-spline-shaft-1in.stl) — SAE 4-spline shaft section, nominal 1 in, fit A (permanent): major Ø25.400 mm (1.000 in), spline width W6.121 mm (0.241 in), root Ø21.590 mm (0.850 in), 4 parallel-sided splines; maximum values of the tables; the 25.4 mm length (equal to the major diameter) is an example, no chamfer, no bore
- sae-4-spline-shaft-1-1-2in: [STEP](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-4-spline-shaft-1-1-2in.step) · [STL](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-4-spline-shaft-1-1-2in.stl) — SAE 4-spline shaft section, nominal 1-1/2 in, fit A (permanent): major Ø38.100 mm (1.500 in), spline width W9.169 mm (0.361 in), root Ø32.385 mm (1.275 in), 4 parallel-sided splines; maximum values of the tables; the 38.1 mm length (equal to the major diameter) is an example, no chamfer, no bore
- sae-6-spline-shaft-3-4in: [STEP](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-6-spline-shaft-3-4in.step) · [STL](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-6-spline-shaft-3-4in.stl) — SAE 6-spline shaft section, nominal 3/4 in, fit A (permanent): major Ø19.050 mm (0.750 in), spline width W4.775 mm (0.188 in), root Ø17.145 mm (0.675 in), 6 parallel-sided splines; maximum values of the tables; the 19.0 mm length (equal to the major diameter) is an example, no chamfer, no bore
- sae-6-spline-shaft-1in: [STEP](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-6-spline-shaft-1in.step) · [STL](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-6-spline-shaft-1in.stl) — SAE 6-spline shaft section, nominal 1 in, fit A (permanent): major Ø25.400 mm (1.000 in), spline width W6.350 mm (0.250 in), root Ø22.860 mm (0.900 in), 6 parallel-sided splines; maximum values of the tables; the 25.4 mm length (equal to the major diameter) is an example, no chamfer, no bore
- sae-6-spline-shaft-2in: [STEP](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-6-spline-shaft-2in.step) · [STL](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-6-spline-shaft-2in.stl) — SAE 6-spline shaft section, nominal 2 in, fit A (permanent): major Ø50.800 mm (2.000 in), spline width W12.700 mm (0.500 in), root Ø45.720 mm (1.800 in), 6 parallel-sided splines; maximum values of the tables; the 50.8 mm length (equal to the major diameter) is an example, no chamfer, no bore
- sae-10-spline-shaft-3-4in: [STEP](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-10-spline-shaft-3-4in.step) · [STL](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-10-spline-shaft-3-4in.stl) — SAE 10-spline shaft section, nominal 3/4 in, fit A (permanent): major Ø19.050 mm (0.750 in), spline width W2.972 mm (0.117 in), root Ø17.348 mm (0.683 in), 10 parallel-sided splines; maximum values of the tables; the 19.0 mm length (equal to the major diameter) is an example, no chamfer, no bore
- sae-10-spline-shaft-1in: [STEP](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-10-spline-shaft-1in.step) · [STL](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-10-spline-shaft-1in.stl) — SAE 10-spline shaft section, nominal 1 in, fit A (permanent): major Ø25.400 mm (1.000 in), spline width W3.962 mm (0.156 in), root Ø23.114 mm (0.910 in), 10 parallel-sided splines; maximum values of the tables; the 25.4 mm length (equal to the major diameter) is an example, no chamfer, no bore
- sae-10-spline-shaft-1-1-2in: [STEP](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-10-spline-shaft-1-1-2in.step) · [STL](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-10-spline-shaft-1-1-2in.stl) — SAE 10-spline shaft section, nominal 1-1/2 in, fit A (permanent): major Ø38.100 mm (1.500 in), spline width W5.944 mm (0.234 in), root Ø34.671 mm (1.365 in), 10 parallel-sided splines; maximum values of the tables; the 38.1 mm length (equal to the major diameter) is an example, no chamfer, no bore
- sae-10-spline-shaft-2in: [STEP](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-10-spline-shaft-2in.step) · [STL](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-10-spline-shaft-2in.stl) — SAE 10-spline shaft section, nominal 2 in, fit A (permanent): major Ø50.800 mm (2.000 in), spline width W7.925 mm (0.312 in), root Ø46.228 mm (1.820 in), 10 parallel-sided splines; maximum values of the tables; the 50.8 mm length (equal to the major diameter) is an example, no chamfer, no bore
- sae-10-spline-shaft-3in: [STEP](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-10-spline-shaft-3in.step) · [STL](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-10-spline-shaft-3in.stl) — SAE 10-spline shaft section, nominal 3 in, fit A (permanent): major Ø76.200 mm (3.000 in), spline width W11.887 mm (0.468 in), root Ø69.342 mm (2.730 in), 10 parallel-sided splines; maximum values of the tables; the 76.2 mm length (equal to the major diameter) is an example, no chamfer, no bore
- sae-16-spline-shaft-2in: [STEP](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-16-spline-shaft-2in.step) · [STL](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-16-spline-shaft-2in.stl) — SAE 16-spline shaft section, nominal 2 in, fit A (permanent): major Ø50.800 mm (2.000 in), spline width W4.978 mm (0.196 in), root Ø46.228 mm (1.820 in), 16 parallel-sided splines; maximum values of the tables; the 50.8 mm length (equal to the major diameter) is an example, no chamfer, no bore
- sae-16-spline-shaft-3in: [STEP](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-16-spline-shaft-3in.step) · [STL](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-16-spline-shaft-3in.stl) — SAE 16-spline shaft section, nominal 3 in, fit A (permanent): major Ø76.200 mm (3.000 in), spline width W7.468 mm (0.294 in), root Ø69.342 mm (2.730 in), 16 parallel-sided splines; maximum values of the tables; the 76.2 mm length (equal to the major diameter) is an example, no chamfer, no bore
- sae-16-spline-shaft-4in: [STEP](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-16-spline-shaft-4in.step) · [STL](https://xemstudio.com/files/hardware/sae-straight-side-splines-4-6-10-16/sae-16-spline-shaft-4in.stl) — SAE 16-spline shaft section, nominal 4 in, fit A (permanent): major Ø101.600 mm (4.000 in), spline width W9.957 mm (0.392 in), root Ø92.456 mm (3.640 in), 16 parallel-sided splines; maximum values of the tables; the 101.6 mm length (equal to the major diameter) is an example, no chamfer, no bore

## Questions

**What are the dimensions of a 1 in SAE 10-spline shaft?**

Major Ø 1.000 in, spline width 0.156 in, root Ø 0.910 in (fit A, maximum values).

**What are the dimensions of a 1 in SAE 6-spline shaft?**

Major Ø 1.000 in, spline width 0.250 in, root Ø 0.900 in (fit A).

**How many splines does an SAE spline have?**

The SAE straight-side series has 4, 6, 10 and 16 splines; 16-spline shafts start at 2 in.

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